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Plato, Republic, Book 4, section 435a (search)
d 30; and Damascius (Ruelle, p. 54, line 18)KAI\ TOU=TO/ E)STIN O(/PER ECAI/FNHS A)NA/PTETAI FW=S A)LHQEI/AS W(/SPER E)K PUREI/WN PROSTRIBOME/NWN. we may cause the spark of justice to flash forth,Cf. Gorgias 484 B, Epistle vii. 344 B. and when it is thus revealed confirm it in our own minds.” “Well,” he said, “that seems a sound methodPlato often observes that a certain procedure is methodical and we must follow it, or that it is at least methodical or consistent, whatever the results may be. and that is what we must do.” “Then,” said I, “if you call a thing by the sameO(/ GE TAU)TO/N: there are several reasons for the seeming over-elaboration of the logic i
Plato, Republic, Book 4, section 440c (search)
“No, by heaven,” he said. “Again, when a man thinks himself to be in the wrong,So Aristotle Rhet. 1380 b 17OU) GI/GNETAI GA\R H( O)RGH\ PRO\S TO\ DI/KAION, and Eth. Nic. 1135 b 28E)PI\ FAINOME/NH| GA\R A)DIKI/A| H( O)RGH/ E)STIN. This is true only with Plato's reservation GENNAIO/TEROS. The baser type is angry when in the wrong. is it not true that the nobler he is the less is he capable of anger though suffering hunger and coldCf. Demosthenes xv. 10 for the same general idea. and whatsoever else at the hands of him whom he believes to be acting justly therein, and as I sayO(\ LE/GW: idiomatic, “as I was saying.” his spirit refuses to be aroused against such a one?” “True,” he said. “But what
Plato, Republic, Book 4, section 442a (search)
ll preside over the appetitive part which is the massCf. on 431 A-B, Laws 689 A-B. of the soul in each of us and the most insatiate by nature of wealth. They will keep watch upon it, lest, by being filled and infected with the so-called pleasures associated with the bodyStrictly speaking, pleasure is in the mind, not in the body. Cf. Unity of Plato's Thought, n. 330.KALOUME/NWN implies the doctrine of the Gorgias 493 E, 494 C, Philebus 42 C, Phaedrus 258 E, and 583 B-584 A, that the pleasures of appetite are not pure or real. Cf. Unity of Plato's Thought, n. 152. Cf. on LEGOME/NWN431 C. and so waxing big and strong, it may not keep toCf. on 426 E, 606 B. its
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 453a (search)
to a proverb also overlooked by commentators on Pindar, Pyth. i. 35. Cf. Pindar, fr. 108 A Loeb, Laws 775 E, Sophocles, fr. 831 (Pearson), Antiphon the Sophist, fr. 60 (Diels).?” “Far the best,” he said. “Shall we then conduct the debate with ourselves in behalf of those othersThis pleading the opponent's case for him is common in Plato. Cf. especially the plea for Protagoras in Theaetetus 166-167. so that the case of the other side may not be taken defenceless and go by defaultApparently a mixture of military and legal phraseology. Cf.E)KPE/RSH| in Protagoras 340 A, Iliad v. 140TA\ D' E)RH=MA FOBEI=TAI, and the legal ph
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 453e (search)
“So it seems,” he said. “Come then, consider,” said I, “if we can find a way out. We did agree that different natures should have differing pursuits and that the nature of men and women differ. And yet now we affirm that these differing natures should have the same pursuits. That is the indictment.” “It is.” “What a grandGENNAI/A: often as here ironical in Plato. Cf. Sophist 231 B, where interpreters misunderstand it. But the new L. and S. is correct. thing,
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 454a (search)
“is the power of the art of contradictionA)NTILOGIKH=S: one of several designations for the eristic which Isocrates maliciously confounds with dialectic while Plato is careful to distinguish them. Cf. E. S. Thompson, The Meno of Plato, Excursus V., pp. 272 ff. and the introduction to E.H. Gifford's Euthydemus, p. 42. Among the marks of eristic are the pusuit of merely verbal oppositions as here and Euthydemus 278 A, 301 B, Theaetetus 164 C; the neglect to distinguish and divide, Philebus 17 A, Phaedrus 265 E, 266 A, B; the failure to distinguish the hypothesis from its consequences, Phaedo 101 E, Parmenides 135-136.
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 457c (search)
uité civile qui confond partout les deux sexes dans les mêmes emplois.” Cf. further the denunciations of the Christian fathers passim, who are outdone by De Quincey's “Otaheitian carnival of licentious appetite, connected with a contempt of human life which is excessive even for paganism.” Most of the obvious parallels between Plato and Aristophanes'Ecclesiazusae follow as a matter of course from the very notion of communal marriage and supply no evidfence for the dating of a supposed earlier edition of the whole or a part of the Republic. In any case the ideas of the Republic might have come to Aristophanes in conversation before publication; and the Greeks knew enough of the fact
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 460e (search)
lf humorous legal language. Cf. Aristotle Politics 1335 b 28LEITOURGEI=N . . . PRO\S TEKNOPOII/AN, and Lucan's “urbi pater est, urbique maritus” (Phars. ii. 388). The dates for marriage are given a little differently in the Laws, 785 B, 833 C-D, men 30-35, women 16-20. On the whole question and Aristotle's opinion cf. Newman, Introduction to Aristotle Politics p. 183; cf. also Grube, Class. Quarterly 1927, pp. 95 ff., “The Marriage Laws in Plato's Republic.” to the age of forty, and the man shall beget for the state from the time he passes his prime in swiftness in running to the age of fifty
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 473c (search)
i. 17, xiv. 24, xxi. 198, etc. I will, even if, to keep the figure, it is likely to washMore literally “deluge or overwhelm with ridicule.” us away on billows of laughter and scorn. Listen.” “I am all attention,” he said. “Unless,” said I, “either philosophers become kingsThis is perhaps the most famous sentence in Plato. Cf. for the idea 499 B, 540 D, Laws 711 D, 712 A, 713 E ff. It is paraphrased by the author of the seventh Epistle(324 B, 326 A-B, 328 A-B) who perhaps quotes Plato too frequently to be Plato himself.Epistle ii. 310 E, though sometimes quoted in this connection, is not quite the same thought. It is implied in the
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 479b (search)
esemble the children's riddleThe scholiast (Hermann vi. 34) quotes the riddle in two forms. It might run in English—“A tale there is, a man not yet a man,/ Seeing, saw not, a bird and not a bird,/ Perching upon a bough and not a bough,/ And hit it—not, with a stone and not a stone.” The key words of the answer are eunuch, bat, reed, pumice-stone. Cf. also Athenaeus 448 E, 452 E, Gifford on Euthydemus 300 D. It was used in the Stoic schools of logic, and Epicurus is said to have used it to disprove Plato's statement that either the negative or the affirmative of a proposition must be true or false. Cf. Usener, Epicurea, p. 348.
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