James Adam, The Republic of Plato

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ὑπὸ πάντων πολεμίων: ‘by none but enemies’: cf. πᾶσιν ἀγρίοις in VI 496 D. The tyrant's splendid but awful isolation is admirably brought out by Plato: see also on VIII 567 B. In this respect Plato's similitude faithfully reflects the position of Dionysius I in Sicily and indeed, except for the support which Sparta lent him, in the whole Hellenic world. See Grote X p. 306 ff.

ἐν τοιούτῳ κτλ. The picture which follows is no doubt also drawn from Dionysius I: see Grote X pp. 244, 328 notes

λίχνῳ “is the same with regard to the eye, that liquorishness is to the taste” (Thomas Gray).

οὔτε ἀποδημῆσαι κτλ. The parallel with Xen. Hiero 1. 11 is singularly close. Plato speaks con amore, thinking doubtless of his own sojournings in foreign lands. See Zeller^{4} II pp. 404—414. Neuman de locis Aegypt. in oper. Plat. (1874) discovers many allusions to Plato's ‘Wanderjahre’ throughout his works.

ὅσων δὴ κτλ. Such as the Olympian games etc.: cf. Xen. l.c. τὰς κοινὰς πανηγύρεις ἔνθα τὰ ἀξιοθεατότατα δοκεῖ εἶναι ἀνθρώποις συναγείρεσθαι. Dionysius was represented at Olympia by deputy, as Hermann reminds us (Gesch. u. System p. 116). Cf. Grote X p. 303. The phrase τι ἀγαθὸν ὁρᾷ, with which the sentence concludes, has a curiously modern sound.

οὐκοῦν κτλ.: ‘greater then, by evils such as these, is the profit which is reaped by the individual who’ etc. (“Um so grosse Übel reicher also ist der Mann” Schleiermacher). τοῖς τοιούτοις κακοῖς is dative of amount of difference: cf. II 373 E μείζονος—οὔτι σμικρῷ, ἀλλ᾽ ὅλῳ στρατοπέδῳ, VI 507 E οὐ σμικρᾷ—ἰδέᾳ— τιμιωτέρῳ and Laws 848 B (Schneider Addit. p. 72). The passage has been strangely misunderstood, Stephanus suggesting variously <ἐπὶ> or <πρὸς> τοῖς τοιούτοις or τῶν τοιούτων, and Ast <ἐν> τοῖς τοιούτοις. Stallbaum comes nearer to the truth in his “per huius modi mala,” but the dative is exactly as in τοσούτῳ πλείω. The view that the dative is merely one of ‘circumstance’—an alternative suggestion in J. and C.—cannot be upheld. See also on 578 C. The reference in νῦν δή is to 578 B.

ὡς μὴ κτλ. I have returned to the text of A, Π, and nearly all the MSS. Θ^{1} with Stobaeus (Flor. 50. 50) has μὴ ὡς, and so Stallbaum and Baiter read. μὴ ὡς suits better with ἀλλὰ ἀναγκασθῇ, but the irregularity is slight, and, as Schneider observes, the sentence opens as if it were meant to be positive and not negative, so that ὡς μή is suited to what precedes. We may add that ὡς μὴ ἰδιώτης καταβιῷ is a clearer echo of μὴ ἰδιώτην βίον καταβιῷ 578 C, which Plato wishes to recall.