I.lying or being over against, opposite.
I. In gen.
A. Prop., of places (syn. adversus): “collis adversus huic et contrarius,” Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.: “contraria tigna iis (tignis),” id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and: “gemma soli,” Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131: “contrario amne,” against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73: “tellus,” Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429: “ripa,” Dig. 41, 1, 65: “auris,” Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77: “contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera),” in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84: “in contrarias partes fluere,” Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.: “tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,” Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.“. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur,” Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93: “contrario ictu uterque transfixus,” by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,
B. Transf., of other objects.
1. In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.
(α).
With gen.: “hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas,” Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—
(β).
With dat.: “voluptas honestati,” Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: “fortuna rationi et constantiae,” id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.: “vitium illi virtuti,” Quint. 11, 3, 44: “rusticitas urbanitati,” id. 6, 3, 17: “pes bacchio,” id. 9, 4, 102: “color albo,” Ov. M. 2, 541: “aestus vento,” id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —
(γ).
With inter se: “orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque,” Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—
(δ).
With atque: “versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum,” Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—(ε) Absol.: “aut bono casu aut contrario,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: “monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum,” id. Cael. 5, 12: “ardor,” Lucr. 3, 252: “exemplum,” Quint. 5, 11, 7: “jus,” id. 5, 11, 32: “leges,” conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.: “latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent,” going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31: “disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis,” on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158: “ex contrariā parte dicere,” id. Inv. 1, 18, 26: “in contrariam partem adferre aliquid,” id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al.—
2. Esp., subst.: contrārĭum , ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.
a. In gen.: “contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120: “si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia ... sin autem contraria, etc.,” Nep. Epam. 4, 2: “dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt,” Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487: “ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet,” Ov. M. 3, 329: “in contraria versus,” transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.: “contraria earum (artium) ... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria,” Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67: “fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia,” id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.: “quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat,” Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam: “qui contraria faciat quam Deus,” Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—
b. As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—
c. Adverb. phrases: “ex contrario,” on the conirary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16: “e contrario,” Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43; “rarely ex contrariis,” Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19; “11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium,” Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197: “per contrarium,” Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—
II. In partic.
1. Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = ἀντίρροπον, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—
2. Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose): “contrariis dis,” Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.: “Averna avibus cunctis,” dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.: “usus lactis capitis doloribus,” Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130: “hyssopum stomacho,” id. 25, 11, 87, § 136: “quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt,” injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.: “philosophia imperaturo,” Suet. Ner. 52: “exta,” unfavorable, id. Oth. 8: “saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios,” hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17: “litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor,” Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.—Subst.: contrārĭus , ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.—Adv.: con-trārĭē , in an opposite direction, in a different manner: “sidera procedentia,” Cic. Univ 9 med.: “scriptum,” id. Part. Or. 31, 108: “relata verba,” id. de Or. 2, 65, 263: “dicere,” Tac. Or. 34.