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566. A Substantive Clause used as the object of a verb becomes the subject when the verb is put in the passive (Impersonal Construction):—
  1. Caesar ut cōgnōsceret postulātum est (B. C. 1.87) , Cæsar was requested to make an investigation (it was requested that Cæsar should make an investigation).
  2. erat Hēracliō ab senātū mandātum ut emeret (Verr. 3.88) , if Heraclius had been instructed by the senate to buy.
  3. persuāsum erat Cluviō ut mentīrētur (Rosc. Com. 51) , if Cluvius had been persuaded to lie.
  4. putō concēdī nōbīs oportēre ut Graecō verbō ūtāmur (Fin. 3.15) , I think we must be allowed to use a Greek word.
  5. quid eīs noceātur ā Caesare cavētur (B. C. 1.86) , Cæsar takes care that no harm shall be done them (care is taken by Cæsar lest, etc.).

a. With verbs of admonishing, the personal object becomes the subject and the object clause is retained:—

    admonitī sumus ut cavērēmus (Att. 8.11D. 3), we were warned to be careful.
  1. cum monērētur ut cautior esset (Div. 1.51) , when he was advised to be more cautious.
  2. monērī vīsus est id faceret (id. 56), he seemed to be warned not to do it.

b. Some verbs that take an infinitive instead of a subjunctive are used impersonally in the passive, and the infinitive becomes the subject of the sentence:—

  1. loquī nōn concēditur (B. G. 6.20) , it is not allowed to speak.

c. With iubeō , vetō, and cōgō , the subject accusative of the infinitive becomes the subject nominative of the main verb, and the infinitive is retained as complementary (Personal Construction):—

    adesse iubentur postrīdiē; (Verr. 2.41), they are ordered to be present on the following day.
  1. īre in exsilium iussus est (Cat. 2.12) , he was ordered to go into exile.
  2. Simōnidēs vetitus est nāvigāre (Div. 2.134) , Simonides was forbidden to sail.
  3. Mandubiī exīre cōguntur (B. G. 7.78) , the Mandubii are compelled to go out.

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