Anne Mahoney, Overview of Latin Syntax, Verbs, Tense, Vocative and locative

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Vocative and locative

The vocative case is used for talking to people. Vocatives and imperatives are often found together; they are morphologically similar, since each is the bare stem form. AG 340

“"Desilite," inquit, "milites, nisi vultis aquilam hostibus prodere."” Caesar, BG 4.25
“Vale, puella.” Catullus 8.12
“Quid est, Catilina?” Cicero, Catil. 1.13
“Mulier, quid tibi cum Caelio?” Cicero, Cael. 33

The locative case is vestigial and used with very few nouns except “domus”, “rus”, and names of towns and small islands. It indicates the place where something happens. AG 427

“Dumnorix non solum domi sed apud finitimas civitatis largiter potest.” Caesar, BG 1.18
“Hoc fit quod Romae vivimus.” Catullus 68a.44
“Septem ingentia victor corpora fundat humi.” Virgil, Aen. 1.192-193

Overview of Latin Syntax. Anne Mahoney. 2000. Text created electronically.

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Anne Mahoney, Overview of Latin Syntax

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Vocative and locative