I.subst. (old form, alis, alid, after the analogy of quis, quid: “alis rare,” Cat. 66, 28; Sall. ap. Charis, 2, p. 133; Inscr. Orell. 2488: “alid more freq.,” Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 257; 5, 1305; 5, 1456; Cat. 29, 15; cf. Prisc. 13, p. 959.—Gen. sing. masc.: alīus, rare, and not used by Tac.; for which alterius is com. used (v. alter); also alii, Cato and Licin. ap. Prisc. 194 P.; Varr. R. R. 1, 2.—Fem. gen.: “aliae,” Lucr. 3, 918; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30; Liv. 24, 27, 8; Gell. 2, 28, 1; Capito ap. Gell. 4, 10, 8.—Masc. dat.: “alī,” Lucr. 6, 1226: “alio,” Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 13. —Fem. dat.: “aliae,” Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 207; Gell. 9, 4, 8) [cf. ἄλλος; Osc. allo (nom. sing. fem.); Goth. alis; Erse, aile; O. H. Germ. alles, elles (conj.); Engl. else], another, other (i. e. of many, whereas alter is one of two, v. exceptt. under II. G.); freq. with the indef. pronn. aliquis, quis, aliqui, qui, quidam, and the interrog. quis, qui, etc.
I. A.. In gen.: “eorum sectam sequuntur multi mortales ... multi alii ex Trojā strenui viri,” Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 16: “alios multos,” Vulg. Matt. 15, 30; ib. Marc. 7, 4: “plures alios,” ib. ib. 12, 5: “cum aliis pluribus,” ib. Act. 15, 35: “an ita dissolvit, ut omnes alii dissolverunt?” Cic. Font. 1; Tac. H. 5, 5: “dum aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat,” Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5: “nec nobis praeter med alius quisquam est servos Sosia,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 244: “nec quisquam alius affuit,” id. ib. 1, 1, 269: “panem vel aliud quidquam,” Vulg. 2 Reg. 3, 35. utrum hanc actionem habebis an aliam quampiam; Cic. Caecin. 37: “quidquid aliud dare,” Vulg. Lev. 22, 25: “ALIS NE POTESTO,” Inscr. Orell. 2488: “datum Mi esse ab dis aliis,” Plaut. Am. prol. 12: “adulescentulo in alio occupato amore,” Ter. And. 5, 1, 10: “aut aliae cujus desiderium insideat rei,” Lucr. 3, 918: “ne quam aliam quaerat copiam,” Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 54: “nisi quid pater ait aliud,” id. And. 5, 4, 47: “si verum est, Q. Fabium Labeonem seu quem alium arbitrum a senatu datum, etc.,” Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33: “quodcumque alid auget,” Lucr. 5, 257: “Est alius quidam, parasitaster paululus,” Ter. Ad. 5. 2, 4; so Vulg. Luc. 22, 59: “tuo (judicio) stabis, si aliud quoddam est tuum,” Cic. Or. 71, 237: “L. Aemilius alius vir erat,” Liv. 44, 18: “Genus ecce aliud discriminis audi,” Juv. 12, 24: “alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit,” Cic. Verr. 5, 117; Tac. Agr. 39: “nemo alius,” Cic. Pis. 94; Vulg. Joan. 15, 24: “alius nemo,” Cic. Quinct. 76: “plus alimenti est in pane quam in ullo alio,” Cels. 2, 18: “aliud esse causae suspicamur,” Cic. Fl. 39: “Anne aliud tunc praefecti?” Juv. 4, 78: “estne viris reliqui aliud,” Sall. Fragm. 187, 19: “aliud auxilii,” Tac. A. 5, 8: “aliud subsidii,” id. ib. 12, 46: “alia honorum,” id. ib. 1, 9: “alia sumptuum,” id. ib. 15, 15: “sunt alia quae magis timeam,” Cic. Phil. 5, 29: Facete is quidem, sicut alia, many other things, id. Fin. 1, 3, 7 Madv.: “haec aliaque,” Tac. H. 3, 51 al.— “Hence, alio die, t. t. of the soothsayer, when he wished the Comitia postponed to another day, on the pretence of unfavorable omens: quid gravius quam rem susceptam dirimi, si unus augur alio die dixerit?” Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31; id. Phil. 2, 33, 83 and 84 Wernsd. Perh. there is a reference to the same thing in Plaut. Poen. 2, 52: ita res divina mihi fuit: res serias omnes extollo ex hoc die in alium diem.—With aliquis, quisquam, or ullus implied (cf. aliqui, V. B., and aliquis, II. B.): “ut, etiam si aliud melius fuit, tamen legatorum reditum exspectetis,” Cic. Phil. 6, 6: “utar post alio, si invenero melius,” something else, id. Tusc. 1, 7, 14; so, “si in aliud tempus differetur,” Caes. B C. 1, 86: “an alium exspectamus?” Vulg. Matt. 11, 3; ib. Marc. 4, 36: “siti magis quam aliā re accenditur,” Sall. J. 89, 5: “neque sex legiones aliā de causā missas in Hispaniam,” Caes. B. C. 1, 85: “neque creatura alia poterit nos separare,” Vulg. Rom. 8, 39.!*? Instances of the rare gen. alīus: “alius generis bestiae,” Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 123; Varr. L. L. 9, 40, 67 dub.: “alius ingenii,” Liv. 1, 56, 7 Madv. by conj.: “alius ordinis,” Amm. 30, 5, 10: “artificis aliusve,” Front. Controv. Agr. 2, 40, 27: “alius coloris,” Non. p. 450: “nomine vel ejus pro quo ... aut alius qui, etc.,” Dig. 39, 2, 24, § 6; v. aliusmodi.—
B. In comparisons, with atque, ac, or et, more rarely with nisi and quam; with the latter, in good class. authors, only when preceded by a neg. clause, or by an interrog. implying a neg.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 3, 3, 13; instead of quam, the comp. abl. or praeter, and similar words, sometimes appear, other than, different from, etc.
(α).
With atque, ac, or et: “illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,” Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35: “alium esse censes nunc me atque olim quom dabam?” Ter. And. 3, 3, 13: “potest non solum aliud mihi ac tibi, sed mihi ipsi aliud alias videri,” Cic. Or. 71, 237: “longe alia nobis ac tu scripseras nuntiantur,” id. Att. 11, 10: “res alio modo est ac putatur,” id. Inv. 2, 6, 21 B. and K.: “qui longe aliā ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum gerere coeperunt,” Caes. B. G. 3, 28: “non alius essem atque nunc sum,” Cic. Fam. 1, 9: “longe aliam esse navigationem in concluso mari atque in vastissimo atque apertissimo Oceano perspiciebant,” Caes. B. G. 3, 9: aliud (se) esse facturum ac pronunciāsset, Nep. Ages. 3, 4: “alia atque antea sentiret,” id. Hann. 2, 2: “lux longe alia est solis et lychnorum,” is very different, Cic. Cael. 28.—
(β).
With nisi or quam (the latter is suspicious in Cic.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 252; Orell. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75): “amare autem nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,” nothing else than, only, Cic. Lael. 27, 100: “neque ulla fuit causa intermissionis epistularum nisi quod, etc.,” id. Fam. 7, 13: “erat historia nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio,” id. de Or. 2, 12: “Quid est aliud tumultus nisi perturbatio tanta, ut, etc.?” id. Phil. 8, 3: “nihil aliud agerem, nisi eum, qui accusatus esset, defenderem,” id. Sull. 12; id. Att. 5, 10: “quid est aliud Gigantum modo bellare cum dis nisi naturae repugnare?” id. Sen. 2, 5; id. Sex. Rosc. 19, 54; id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25: “pinaster nihil aliud est quam pinus silvestris,” Plin. 16, 10; Nep. Arist. 2, 2; id. Paus. 1, 4: “Lysander nihil aliud molitus est quam ut omnes civitates in suā teneret potestate,” id. Lys. 1, 4: “neque aliud huic defuit quam generosa stirps,” id. Eum. 1, 2: “Nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine quam quod Illi marmoreum caput est, etc.,” Juv. 8, 54.—Hence, nihil aliud nisi or quam, = οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἤ, followed by finite verb, nothing else than, nothing but, only (after these words, fecit, factum est may be supplied, or the phraseology changed to nullā aliā re factā; cf. Matth. Gr. 903; Hoogev. ad Vig. p. 475; “Kühn. Gr. Gr. II. p. 825): tribunatus P. Sestii nihil aliud nisi meum nomen causamque sustinuit,” Cic. Sest. 6, 13: “ut nihil aliud nisi de hoste ac de laude cogitet,” id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; Liv. 2, 8: “et hostes quidem nihil aliud (i. e. nullā aliā re factā) quam perfusis vano timore Romanis citato agmine abeunt,” id. 2, 63; 31, 24: “sed ab lictore nihil aliud quam prehendere prohibito, cum conversus in Patres impetus esset,” id. 2, 29: “ut domo abditus nihil aliud quam per edicta obnuntiaret,” Suet. Caes. 20: “mox nihil aliud quam vectabatur et deambulabat,” id. Aug. 83.—So, quid aliud quam? what other thing than? what else than? quibus quid aliud quam admonemus cives nos eorum esse, Liv. 4, 3: “quid aliud quam ad bellum vocabantur?” Flor. 3, 23 med.; so, “Quid Tullius? Anne aliud quam sidus?” Juv. 7, 199.—In affirmative-clauses rare, and only post-Aug.: “te alia omnia, quam quae velis, agere, moleste ferrem,” Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 2: “quod alium quam se coöptāssent,” Suet. Ner. 2 al.—So, with the simple interrogative, quis alius? quid aliud? Qui, malum, alii? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10: “Quid te aliud sollicitat?” id. ib. 1, 2, 82: “Quid aliud tibi vis?” id. Heaut. 2, 3, 90: “Numquid vis aliud?” id. Eun. 1, 2, 111: “Sed quis nunc alius audet praeferre? etc.,” Juv. 12, 48: “Quid enim est aliud Antonius?” Cic. Phil. 2, 70: “Quid est aliud furere?” id. Pis. 47: “Quid est alia sinistra liberalitas?” Cat. 29, 15 al.—
(γ).
With comp. abl. (cf. in Gr. ἄλλα τῶν δικαίων, Xen. Mem. 4, 4, 25): “qui quaerit alia his, malum videtur quaerere,” other than, Plaut. Poen. prol. 22: “quod est aliud melle,” Varr. R. R. 3, 16: nec quidquam aliud libertate communi quaesisse, nothing else but, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2: “neve putes alium sapiente bonoque beatum,” Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 20: “alius Lysippo,” id. ib. 2, 1, 240: “accusator alius Sejano,” Phaedr. 3, prol. 41.—
(δ).
With praeter: “nec nobis praeter me alius quisquam est servos Sosia,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 249: “nec quidquam aliud est philosophia praeter studium sapientiae,” Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5: “non est alius praeter eum,” Vulg. Marc. 12, 32: “rogavit numquid aliud ferret praeter arcam?” Cic. de Or. 2, 69: “Num quid igitur aliud in illis judiciis versatum est praeter hasce insidias?” id. Clu. 62: “nec jam tela alia habebant praeter gladios,” Liv. 38, 21, 5.—（ε) With extra (eccl. Lat.): “neque est alius extra te,” Vulg. 1 Reg. 2. 2; ib. Soph. 2, 15.—（ζ) With absque (eccl. Lat.): “non est alius Deus absque te,” Vulg. 1 Par. 17, 20.—（η) With praeterquam: “cum aliud, praeterquam de quo retulissent, decemviri dicere prohiberent,” Liv. 3, 40.
II. Esp.
A. In distributive-clauses repeated even several times, and also interchanged with non nulli, quidam, ceteri, pars, partim, etc., the one ... the other; plur., some ... others: “quid potes dicere cur alia defendas, alia non cures?” Cic. Phil. 2, 111: “latera tegentes alios, alios praegredientes amicos,” id. ib. 13, 4: cum alii fossas complerent, alii defensores vallo depellerent, Caes. B. G. 3, 25; id. B. C. 1, 55: “alii experimentorum notitiam necessariam esse contendunt, alii non satis potentem usum esse proponunt, Cels. prooem.: quae minus tuta erant, alia fossis, alia vallis, alia turribus muniebat,” Liv. 32, 5; so Vulg. Matt. 13, 5 sqq.; ib. 1 Cor. 12, 10; Cels. 3, 3, enumerating the different kinds of fever, repeats aliae seventeen times: “cum aliis Q. Frater legatus, aliis C. Pomptinus legatus, reliquis M. Anneius legatus etc.,” Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8: “proferebant alii purpuram, tus alii, gemmas alii, vina non nulli Graeca,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146: alias bestias nantes, alias volucres, serpentes quasdam, quasdam esse gradientes; earum ipsarum partim solivagas, partim congregatas; “immanes alias, quasdam autem cicures, non nullas abditas,” id. Tusc. 5, 13, 38: “principes partim interfecerant, alios in exsilium ejecerant,” Nep. Pelop. 1, 4: “nos alii ibimus Afros, pars Scythiam veniemus,” Verg. E. 1, 65: “alii superstantes proeliarentur, pars occulti muros subruerent,” Tac. H. 4, 23.—Sometimes alius is omitted in one clause: “Helvetii eā spe dejecti navibus junctis, alii vadis Rhodani, etc.,” Caes. B. G. 1, 8: “Veientes ignari in partem praedae suae vocatos deos, alios votis ex urbe suā evocatos, etc.,” Liv. 5, 21; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114: “castra metari placuit, ut opus et alii proelium inciperent,” Tac. A. 1, 63.—Also with aliquis: “alia sunt tamquam sibi nata, ut oculi, ut aures: aliqua etiam ceterorum membrorum usum adjuvant,” Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63: [putat aliquis esse voluptatem bonum; “alius autem pecuniam],” id. Tusc. 5, 28, 60 B. and K.; cf. Goer. ad Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 20.—Sometimes aliud ... aliud designate merely a distinction between two objects contrasted, one thing ... another: “Numquam aliud natura, aliud sapientia dicit,” Juv. 14, 321: “Fuit tempus, quo alia adversa, alia secunda principi,” Plin. Pan. 72: “aliud est male dicere, aliud accusare,” Cic. Cael. 3; id. Lig. 16; Quint. 10, 1, 53: “aliud est servum esse, aliud servire,” id. 5, 10, 60 al.: “jam sciunt longe aliud esse virgines rapere, aliud pugnare cum viris,” Liv. 1, 12; cf. infra, e.—
B. Alius repeated in another case, or with its derivatives, aliter, alias, alio, alibi, aliunde, etc. (but never with its derivatives in Tac.), in imitation of the Greek (cf. L. and S. s. v. ἄλλος, and Ochsn. Eclog. 110): simul alis alid aliunde rumitant inter se, Naev. ap. Fest. pp. 135 and 225; cf. “Bothe, Fragm. Comic. p. 25: alius alium percontamur, cuja est navis?” one another, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 46: “fallacia alia aliam trudit,” Ter. And. 4, 4, 40: “fecerunt alii quidem alia quam multa,” Cic. Phil. 3, 20, 6: “signa et ornamenta alia alio in loco intuebantur,” some in one place and some in another, Cic. Verr. 2. 1, 22: “alius in aliā est re magis utilis,” id. Sex. Rosc. 111: “alius ex aliā parte,” Cic. Verr. 1, 66: “dies alios alio dedit ordine Luna felicīs operum,” Verg. G. 1, 276: “ut ipsi inter se alii aliis prodesse possent,” Cic. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 1, 12, 33: “ideo multa conjecta sunt, aliud alio tempore,” id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7: “habes Sardos venales, alium alio nequiorem,” one worse than another, id. Fam. 7, 24: quo facto cum alius alii subsidium ferrent, one to another, Fr., l'un à “l'autre,” Caes. B. G. 2, 26 Herz.: “legiones aliae aliā in parte resistunt,” id. ib. 2, 22: “alius aliā causā illatā,” id. ib. 1, 39: “cum ceteros alii alium aliā de causā improbarent,” Suet. Vesp. 6: “alius alii subsidium ferunt,” Caes. B. G. 2, 26: “alius alio more viventes,” each in a different way, Sall. C. 6, 2: “alius alii tanti facinoris conscii,” id. ib. 22, 2; so id. ib. 52, 28; id. J. 53, 8; Curt. 10, 5, 16; Just. 15, 2: “alii autem aliud clamabant,” Vulg. Act. 19, 32: “illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus sentiunt,” now this, now that, Cic. de Or. 2, 7 fin.: “aliter ab aliis digeruntur,” id. ib. 2, 19; Vulg. 3 Reg. 22, 20: “equites alii aliā dilapsi sunt,” some in this way, some in that, Liv. 44, 43: “cum alii alio mitterentur,” id. 7, 39: Alis alibi stantes, omnes tamen adversis volneribus conciderunt, Sall. ap. Charis. 2, p. 133: “jussit alios alibi fodere,” Liv. 44, 33; Vulg. Sap. 18, 18.—
C. Alius ex alio, super alium, post alium, one after another; so often of the connection between ideas: “ut aliud ex alio incidit, occurrit, etc.,” Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 37: “aliud ex alio succurrit mihi,” Cic. Fragm. C. 12: “alid ex alio reficit natura,” Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 1305; 5, 1456: sed, ut aliud ex alio, mihi non est dubium, quin, etc., Cic. Att. 16, 14, Plin. Pan. 18, 1: “ex alio in aliud vicissitudo atque mutatio,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: “alias ex aliis nectendo moras,” Liv. 7, 39: “aliam ex aliā prolem,” Verg. G. 3, 65; id. Cir. 364: “nos alia ex aliis in fata vocamur,” id. A. 3, 494: “quae impie per biennium alia super alia es ausus,” Liv. 3, 56; 23, 36: “aliud super aliud scelus,” id. 30, 26; Plin. Ep. 7, 8; Suet. Ner. 49: “deinde ab eo magistratu alium post alium sibi peperit,” Sall. J. 63, 5.—
D. Alius atque alius or alius aliusque, the one and the other; now this, now that; different: “eadem res saepe aut probatur aut reicitur, alio atque alio elata verbo,” Cic. Or. 22, 72: “alio atque alio loco requiescere,” in different places, Sall. J. 72, 2: “inchoata res aliis atque aliis de causis dilata erat,” Liv. 8, 23: “aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,” Sen. Ep. 32, 2: “cum alia atque alia appetendo loca munirent,” Liv. 1, 8: “milites trans flumen aliis atque aliis locis traiciebant,” id. 2, 2: “luna alio atque alio loco exoritur,” Plin. 2, 10: “febres aliae aliaeque subinde oriuntur,” Cels. 3, 3: “cancer aliis aliisque signis discernitur,” id. 5, 26: “aliis atque aliis causis,” Suet. Aug. 97.—In Sall. also alius deinde alius or alius post alius: “saepe tentantes agros alia deinde alia loca petiverant, J. 18, 7: alias deinde alias morae causas facere,” id. ib. 36, 2: “aliis post aliis minitari,” id. ib. 55, 8.—
E. Of another kind or nature, i. e. different; hence, alium facere, to make different, to change, transform; and alium fleri, to become different, to be wholly changed: “nunc haec dies aliam vitam affert, alios mores postulat,” Ter. And. 1, 2, 18 (aliam vitam pro diversam, contrariam, Don.): “alium nunc censes esse me atque olim cum dabam,” id. ib. 3, 3, 13: “Huic aliud mercedis erit,” Verg. E. 6, 26: “longe alia mihi mens est,” Sall. C. 52, 2: “Vos aliam potatis aquam,” Juv. 5, 52: “lectus non alius cuiquam,” id. 8, 178: “ensesque recondit mors alia,” Stat. Th. 7, 806: “ostensus est in aliā effigie,” Vulg. Marc. 16, 12; ib. Rom. 7, 23; ib. Gal. 1, 6; ib. Jac. 2, 25: “alium fecisti me, alius ad te veneram,” Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 123: alius nunc fieri volo, id. Poen. prol. fin.: “homines alii facti sunt,” Cic. Fam. 11, 12: “mutaberis in virum alium,” Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 6; cf. supra, II. A. fin.—Hence, in alia omnia ire, transire, or discedere, sc. vota, to differ from the thing proposed; and in gen., to reject or oppose it, to go over to the opposite side: qui hoc censetis, illuc transite; “qui alia omnia, in hanc partem: his verbis praeit ominis videlicet causā, ne dicat: qui non censetis,” Fest. p. 221; Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 19: “frequens eum senatus reliquit et in alia omnia discessit,” Cic. Fam. 10, 12: “de tribus legatis frequentes ierunt in alia omnia,” id. ib. 1, 2 Manut.: cum prima M. Marcelli sententia pronunciata esset, frequens senatus in alia omnia iit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13: “discessionem faciente Marcello, senatus frequens in alia omnia transiit,” Hirt. B. G. 8, 53: aliud or alias res agere, v. ago, II. 7.—
F. Of that which remains of a whole, = reliquus, ceteri, the rest, the remainder: “Divitiaco ex aliis Gallis maximam fidem habebat,” Caes. B. G. 1, 41: “inter primos atrox proelium fuit, alia multitudo terga vertit,” Liv. 7, 26: “vulgus aliud trucidatum,” id. 7, 19; 2, 23; so id. 24, 1: “legiones in testudinem glomerabantur et alii tela incutiebant,” Tac. H. 3, 31; id. A. 1, 30; 3, 42: “cum alios incessus hostis clausisset, unum reliquum aestas impediret,” id. ib. 6, 33 al.—
G. Like alter, one of two, the other of two: “huic fuerunt filii nati duo, alium servus surpuit, etc.,” Plaut. Capt. prol. 8; cf. id. ib. arg. 2 and 9: eis genus, aetas, eloquentia prope aequalia fuere; “magnitudo animi par, item gloria, sed alia alii,” Sall. C. 54, 1 Kritz: “duo Romani super alium alius corruerunt,” one upon the other, Liv. 1, 25, 5: “ita duo deinceps reges, alius aliā viā, civitatem auxerunt,” each in a different way, id. 1, 21, 6; 24, 27: “marique alio Nicopolim ingressus,” Tac. A. 5, 10 (Ionio, Halm); so, “alias partes fovere,” the other side, id. H. 1, 8.—Also in the enumeration of the parts of any thing: “Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam Celtae,” Caes. B. G. 1, 1 Herz.: “classium item duo genera sunt: unum liburnarum, aliud lusoriarum,” Veg. 2, 1 (cf. in Gr. μείναντες δὲ ταύτην τὴν ἡμέραν, τῇ ἄλλῃ ἐπορεύοντο, Xen. Anab. 3, 4, 1; and so the Vulg.: Aliā die profecti, the next day, Act. 21, 8).—Hence, alius with a proper name used as an appell. (cf. alter): “ne quis alius Ariovistus regno Galliarum potiretur,” a second Ariovistus, Tac. H. 4, 73 fin.: “alius Nero,” Suet. Tit. 7.—
H. A peculiar enhancement of the idea is produced by alius with a neg. and the comp.: “mulier, quā mulier alia nulla est pulchrior,” than whom no other woman is more beautiful, to whom no other woman is equal in beauty, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 100: “facinus, quo non fortius ausit alis,” Cat. 66, 28: “Fama malum quā non aliud velocius ullum,” Verg. A. 4, 174: “quo neque melius neque amplius aliud in naturā mortalium est,” Sall. J. 2, 4: “quo non aliud atrocius visum,” Tac. A. 6, 24: “(Sulla) neque consilio neque manu priorem alium pati,” Sall. J. 96, 3: “neque majus aliud neque praestabilius invenias,” id. ib. 1, 2; Liv. 1, 24: “non alia ante Romana pugna atrocior fuit,” id. 1, 27; 2, 31; Tac. A. 6, 7 al.; cf. under aliter, 2. b. ζ.—Hence the advv.
A. ălĭō , adv. (an old dat. form, designating direction to a place; cf.: eo, quo), elsewhither (arch.), elsewhere, to another place, person, or thing, ἄλλοσε (class., esp. among poets; but not found in Lucr. or Juv.).
1. In gen.
a. Of place: “fortasse tu profectus alio fueras,” Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 49: “ut ab Norbā alio traducerentur,” Liv. 32, 2: “translatos alio maerebis amores,” Hor. Epod. 15, 23: “decurrens alio,” id. S. 2, 1, 32: “nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, Si te alio pravum detorseris,” id. ib. 2, 2, 55.—With quo: “Arpinumne mihi eundum sit, an quo alio,” to some other place, Cic. Att. 9, 17: “si quando Romam aliove quo mitterent legatos,” Liv. 38, 30. —
b. Of persons or things (cf. alias, alibi, alicunde, etc.): “illi suum animum alio conferunt,” Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 10 (cf. Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62: “ne ad illam me animum adjecisse sentiat): ne quando iratus tu alio conferas,” id. Eun. 3, 1, 60 Don.: “hi narrata ferunt alio,” Ov. M. 12, 57: tamen vocat me alio (to another subject) jam dudum tacita vestra exspectatio, Cic. Clu. 23, 63; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139: “sed, si placet, sermonem alio transferamus,” id. de Or. 1, 29, 133: “quoniam alio properare tempus monet,” Sall. J. 19, 2; so Tac. A. 1, 18 al.—
c. Of purpose or design: “appellet haec desideria naturae: cupiditatis nomen servet alio,” for another purpose, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27: “hoc longe alio spectabat,” looked quite elsewhere, had a far different design, Nep. Them. 6, 3.—
2. a.. Alio ... alio, in one way ... in another; hither ... thither, = huc ... illuc: “hic (i. e. in eā re) alio res familiaris, alio ducit humanitas,” Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: alio atque alio, in one way and another: “nihil alio atque alio spargitur,” Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 2.—
b. Alius alio, each in a different way, one in one way, another in another: “et ceteri quidem alius alio,” Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80: “aliud alio dissipavit,” id. Div. 1, 34, 76; so Liv. 2, 54, 9; 7, 39.—So, aliunde alio, from one place to another: “quassatione terrae aliunde alio (aquae) transferuntur,” Sen. Q. N. 3, 11, 1; cf. aliunde.—
c. Like alius or aliter with a negative and the particles of comparison quam or atque; “in questions with nisi: plebem nusquam alio natam quam ad serviendum,” for nothing but, Liv. 7, 18, 7: non alio datam summam quam in emptionem, etc., * Suet. Aug. 98 Ruhnk.: “quo alio nisi ad nos confugerent?” Liv. 39, 36, 11; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 232-234.—
B. ălĭā , adv. (sc. viá), in another way, in a different manner (in the whole ante-class. and class. per. dub.); for in Plaut. Rud. prol. 10, aliuta has been proposed; in Lucr. 6, 986, Lachm. reads alio; in Liv. 21, 56, 2, Weissenb. alibi; and in id. 44, 43, 2, viā may be supplied from the preced. context; certain only in Don. ad Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 5; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 219.—
C. ălĭās , adv. (acc. to Prisc. 1014 P., and Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 769, an acc. form like foras; but acc. to Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 5, 57, and Hab. Syn. 79, old gen. like paterfamilias, Alcmenas, etc. In the ante-class. per. rare; only once in Plaut., twice in Ter., twice in Varro; in the class. per. most freq. in Cic., but only three times in his orations; also in Plin.).
1. Of time, at a time other than the present, whether it be in the past or (more freq.) in the future.
a. At another time, at other times, on another occasion (alias: temporis adverbium, quod Graeci ἄλλοτε, aliter ἄλλως, Capitol. Orth. 2242 P.; cf. “Herz. and Hab., as cited above): alias ut uti possim causā hac integrā,” Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 4; so id. And. 3, 2, 49 (alias = alio tempore, Don.): “sed alias jocabimur,” Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2: “sed plura scribemus alias,” id. ib. 7, 6: “et alias et in consulatūs petitione vinci,” id. Planc. 18: “nil oriturum alias,” Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 17.—In the future, freq. in contrast with nunc, in praesentiā, tum, hactenus: “recte secusne, alias viderimus,” Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 135: “Hactenus haec: alias justum sit necne poëma, Nunc, etc.,” Hor. S. 1, 4, 63: sed haec alias pluribus; “nunc, etc.,” Cic. Div. 2, 2 fin.; Liv. 44, 36 fin.: quare placeat, alias ostendemus; in praesentiā, etc., Auct. ad Her. 3, 16, 28.—In the past: “gubernatores alias imperare soliti, tum metu mortis jussa exsequebantur,” Curt. 4, 3, 18: “alias bellare inter se solitos, tunc periculi societas junxerat,” id. 9, 4, 15.—Freq. with advv. of time; “as numquam, umquam, and the like: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, aut etiam si numquam alias fuimus, tum profecto, etc.,” Cic. Att. 4, 2, 2: “consilio numquam alias dato,” Hor. C. 3, 5, 45: “numquam ante alias,” Liv. 2, 22, 7: “non umquam alias ante tantus terror senatum invasit,” id. 2, 9, 5; 1, 28, 4: “si quando umquam ante alias,” id. 32, 5 (where the four advv. of time are to be taken together): “Saturnalibus et si quando alias libuisset, modo munera dividebat,” Suet. Aug. 75.—
b. Alias ... alias, as in Gr. ἄλλοτε ... ἄλλοτε; ἄλλοτε μέν ... ἄλλοτε δέ, at one time ... at another; once ... another time; sometimes ... sometimes; now ... now: “Alias me poscit pro illā triginta minas, Alias talentum magnum,” Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 63; so Varr. L. L. 8, § 76 Müll.; id. R. R. 2, 1, 15; Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 120: “nec potest quisquam alias beatus esse, alias miser,” id. Fin. 2, 27, 87: “contentius alias, alias summissius,” id. de Or. 3, 55, 212: “cum alias bellum inferrent, alias inlatum defenderent,” Caes. B. G. 2, 29; so id. ib. 5, 57 al.; it occurs four times in successive clauses in Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 99.—Sometimes plerumque, saepe, aliquando, interdum stand in corresponding clauses: “nec umquam sine usurā reddit (terra), quod accepit, sed alias minore, plerumque majore cum foenore,” Cic. Sen. 15, 51: “geminatio verborum habet interdum vim, leporem alias,” id. de Or. 3, 54, 206: “hoc alias fastidio, alias contumaciā, saepius imbecillitate, evenit,” Plin. 16, 32, 58, § 134; 7, 15, 13, § 63.—Sometimes one alias is omitted: “illi eruptione tentatā alias cuniculis ad aggerem actis, etc.,” Caes. B. G. 3, 21; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13.—
c. Alias aliter, alias alius, etc. (cf. alius), at one time in one way ... at another in another; now so ... now otherwise; now this ... now that: “et alias aliter haec in utramque partem causae solent convenire,” Cic. Inv. 2, 13, 45: “alii enim sunt, alias nostrique familiares fere demortui,” id. Att. 16, 11 (Madv. interprets this of time): “illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus judicant,” id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Or. 59, 200: “(deos) non semper eosdem atque alias alios solemus venerari,” id. Red. in Sen. 30: “ut iidem versus alias in aliam rem posse accommodari viderentur,” id. Div. 2, 54, 111.—
d. Saepe alias or alias saepe ... nunc, nuper, quondam, etc.; “also: cum saepe alias ... tum, etc. (very common in Cic.): quod cum saepe alias tum nuper, etc.,” Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 7: “fecimus et alias saepe et nuper in Tusculano,” id. ib. 5, 4, 11: “quibus de rebus et alias saepe ... et quondam in Hortensii villā,” id. Ac. 2, 3, 9: “quorum pater et saepe alias et maxime censor saluti rei publicae fuit,” id. de Or. 1, 9, 38: “cum saepe alias, tum apud centumviros,” id. Brut. 39, 144: “cum saepe alias, tum Pyrrhi bello,” id. Off. 3, 22, 86; 3, 11, 47: “neque tum solum, sed saepe alias,” Nep. Hann. 11, 7.—In comparative sentences rare: “nunc tamen libentius quam saepe alias,” Symm. Ep. 1, 90.—So,
e. Semper alias, always at other times or in other cases (apparently only post-Aug.): et super cenam autem et semper alias communissimus, multa joco transigebat. Suet. Vesp. 22; id. Tib. 18; Gell. 15, 1.—
f. Raro alias, rarely at other times, on other occasions: “ut raro alias quisquam tanto favore est auditus,” Liv. 45, 20; 3, 69; Tac. H. 1, 89.—
g. Non alias, at no other time, never, = numquam (a choice poet. expression, often imitated by the histt.): “non alias caelo ceciderunt plura sereno Fulgura,” never at any other time did so much lightning fall from a clear sky, Verg. G. 1, 487: “non alias militi familiarior dux fuit,” Liv. 7, 33; 45, 7: “non alias majore mole concursum,” Tac. A. 2, 46; 4. 69; “11, 31: non sane alias exercitatior Britannia fuit,” id. Agr. 5: “haud alias intentior populus plus vocis permisit,” id. A. 3, 11, and 15, 46; Suet. Tit. 8; Flor. 3, 6.—
2. Of place, at another place, elsewhere; or in respect of other things, in other circumstances, otherwise (only post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7): “Idaeus rubus appellatus est, quoniam in Idā, non alias, nascitur,” Plin. 24, 14, 75, § 123 (Jan, alius): nusquam alias tam torrens fretum, * Just. 4, 1, 9: “sicut vir alias doctissimus Cornutus existimat,” Macr. S. 5, 19.—
3. Alias for alioqui (only post-Aug.), to indicate that something is in a different condition in one instance, not in others, except that, for the rest, otherwise: “in Silaro non virgulta modo immersa, verum et folia lapidescunt, alias salubri potu ejus aquae,” Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; so id. 18, 6, 7, § 37; 19, 8, 48, § 163; 25, 2, 6, § 16 al.—
4. Non alias quam, for no other reason, on no other condition, in no other circumstances than, not other than; and non alias nisi, on no other condition, not otherwise, except (prob. taken from the lang. of common life): “non alias magis indoluisse Caesarem ferunt quam quod, etc.,” Tac. A. 3, 73: “debilitatum vulnere jacuisse non alias quam simulatione mortis tutiorem,” by nothing safer than by feigning death, Curt. 8, 1, 24; 8, 14, 16; Dig. 29, 7, 6, § 2: non alias (on no other condition) existet heres ex substitutione nisi, etc., ib. 28, 6, 8; 23, 3, 37; 23, 3, 29.—
5. Alias like aliter, in another manner; flrst in the Lat. of the jurists (cf. Suet. Tib. 71 Oud.; Liv. 21, 56, 2 Drak.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 49 Ruhnk.), Dig. 33, 8, 8, § 8; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 219-227. —
1. With comparative-clause expressed; constr. both affirm. and neg. without distinction.
a. With atque, ac, quam, and rarely ut, otherwise than, different from what, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23: “sed aliter atque ostenderam facio,” Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 4; Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 6: “aliter ac nos vellemus,” Cic. Mil. 9, 23: “de quo tu aliter sentias atque ego,” id. Fin. 4, 22, 60; id. Att. 6, 3: “si aliter nos faciant quam aequum est,” Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 42: “si aliter quippiam coacti faciant quam libere,” Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 24; id. Inv. 2, 22, 66: “Sed si aliter ut dixi accidisset, quī possem queri?” id. Rep. 1, 4, 7.—
b. Non (or haud) aliter, not otherwise (per litoten), = just as; with quam si, ac si, quam cum, quam, exactly, just as if: “Non aliter quam si ruat omnis Karthago,” Verg. A. 4, 669: “dividor haud aliter quam si mea membra relinquam,” Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 73: “nihil in senatu actum aliter quam si, etc.,” Liv. 23, 4; 21, 63, 9: “illi negabant se aliter ituros quam si, etc.,” id. 3, 51, 12: “nec aliter quam si mihi tradatur, etc., Quint. prooem. 5: ut non aliter ratio constet quam si uni reddatur,” Tac. A. 1, 6; 1, 49: “Non aliter quam si fecisset Juno maritum Insanum,” Juv. 6, 619; Suet. Aug. 40: “non aliter quam cum, etc.,” Ov. F. 2, 209; so id. M. 2, 623; 4, 348; 6, 516 al.: “nec scripsi aliter ac si, etc.,” Cic. Att. 13, 51; Suet. Oth. 6; Col. 2, 14 (15), 8: “Non aliter quam qui lembum subigit,” Verg. G. 1, 201: “non aliter praeformidat quam qui ferrum medici, priusquam curetur, aspexit,” Quint. 4, 5, 5; so id. 4, 5, 22; 2, 5, 11: “neque aliter quam ii, qui traduntur, etc.,” id. 5, 8, 1: “patere inde aliquid decrescere, non aliter quam Institor hibernae tegetis,” Juv. 7, 220: “successorem non aliter quam indicium mortis accepturum,” Tac. A. 6, 30.— *
c. Aliter ab aliquo (analog. to alius with the abl., and alienus with ab), differently from any one: “cultores regionum multo aliter a ceteris agunt,” Mel. 1, 9, 6.—
d. Non ali ter nisi, by no other means, on no other condition, not otherwise, except: “qui aliter obsistere fato fatetur se non potuisse, nisi etc.,” Cic. Fat. 20, 48; id. Fam. 1, 9: non pati C. Caesarem consulem aliter fieri, nisi exercitum et provincias tradiderit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14; so Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 18; Liv. 35, 39; 45, 11; 38; Tac. Or. 32; Just. 12, 14, 7; Suet. Ner. 36; Dig. 37, 9, 6; 48, 18, 9. —
e. Non aliter quam ut, on no other condition than that: “neque aliter poterit palos, ad quos perducitur, pertingere, quam ut diffluat,” Col. Arb. 7, 5; so Suet. Tib. 15; 24; id. Galb. 8; Curt. 9, 5, 23.—
2. Without a comparative clause expressed.
a. In gen., otherwise, in another manner, in other respects; and in the poets: haud aliter (per litoten), just so: “vale atque salve, etsi aliter ut dicam meres,” though you deserve that I speak differently, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 86 Brix: “tu si aliter existimes, nihil errabis,” Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 16: “ut eadem ab utrisque dicantur, aliter dicuntur,” in a different sense, Plin. Pan. 72, 7: “Si quis aliter docet,” Vulg. 1 Tim. 6, 3: “quae aliter se habent,” ib. ib. 5, 25: “Quippe aliter tunc vivebant homines,” Juv. 6, 11: quod uterque nostrūm his etiam ex studiis notus, quibus aliter ignotus est, otherwise, i. e. personally, unknown, Plin. Ep. 9, 23, 3.—With negatives: “non fuit faciendum aliter,” Cic. Att. 6, 9; Tac. A. 15, 68: “Ergo non aliter poterit dormire?” Juv. 3, 281: “aliter haud facile eos ad tantum negotium impelli posse,” Sall. C. 44, 1; Curt. 8, 10, 27: “haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti Ignescunt irae (the comparison of the wolf precedes),” Verg. A. 9, 65: “haud aliter (i. e. like a wild beast) juvenis medios moriturus in hostes Irruit,” id. ib. 9, 554 al.; Ov. M. 8, 473; 9, 642: “non aliter (i. e. than I) Samio dicunt arsisse Bathyllo Anacreonta Teïum,” Hor. Epod. 14, 10: “neque Mordaces aliter (i. e. than by means of wine) diffugiunt sollicitudines,” id. C. 1, 18, 4: “neque exercitum Romanum aliter transmissurum,” Tac. H. 5, 19: “nec aliter expiari potest,” Vulg. Num. 35, 33. —So, fieri aliter non potest or fieri non potest aliter (not fieri non aliter potest): nihil agis; “Fieri aliter non potest,” Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 13: assentior; “fieri non potuit aliter,” Cic. Att. 6, 6.—
b. Esp.
(α).
Pregn., otherwise, in the contrary manner: Pe. Servos Epidicus dixit mihi. Ph. Quid si servo aliter visum est? i. e. if he does not speak the truth? Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 29: “verum aliter evenire multo intellegit,” Ter. And. prol. 4 (aliter autem contra significat, Don.): “amplis cornibus et nigris potius quam aliter,” Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 1: ne aliter quid eveniat, providere de cet, otherwise than harmoniously, Sall. J. 10, 7: “dis aliter visum,” Verg. A. 2, 428: “sin aliter tibi videtur,” Vulg. Num. 11, 15: adversi ... saevaque circuitu curvantem bracchia longo Scorpion atque aliter (in the opposite direction) curvantem bracchia Cancrum, Ov. M. 2, 83: aliterque (and in the opposite course) secante jam pelagus rostro, Luc. 8, 197.—Hence, qui aliter fecerit, who will not do that: “neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat, neve cum populo agat: qui aliter fecerit, etc.,” Sall. C. 51, 43; Just. 6, 6, 1; cf. Brisson. de Form. p. 200, and de Verb. Signif. p. 66.—
(β).
Aliter esse, to be of a different nature, differently constituted or disposed: “sed longe aliter est amicus atque amator,” Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 70: ego hunc esse aliter credidi: iste me fefellit; “ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,” Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 44; id. Ad. 3, 4, 46; Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137.—
(γ).
For alioqui (q. v. II. C.), otherwise, else, in any other case: “jus enim semper est quaesitum aequabile: neque enim aliter esset jus (and just after: nam aliter justitia non esset),” Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42; 1, 39, 139; id. Lael. 20, 74: “si suos legatos recipere vellent, quos Athenas miserant, se remitterent, aliter illos numquam in patriam essent recepturi,” Nep. Them. 7 fin.: “aliter sine populi jussu nulli earum rerum consuli jus est,” Sall. C. 29, 3 Kritz: “aliter non viribus ullis Vincere poteris,” Verg. A. 6, 147: “veniam ostentantes, si praesentia sequerentur: aliter nihil spei,” Tac. H. 4, 59: “quoniam aliter non possem,” Vulg. Sap. 8, 21.—
(δ).
Like alius (q. v. II. A.) repeated even several times in a distributive manner, in one way ... in another: sed aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; so id. ib. 1, 12, 38; id. Lael. 24, 89; id. Fam. 15, 21, 6: “aliter utimur propriis, aliter commodatis,” Tac. Or. 32: “Aliter catuli longe olent, aliter sues,” Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 9: “aliter Diodoro, aliter Philoni, Chrysippo aliter placet,” id. Ac. 2, 47, 143: “idem illud aliter Caesar, aliter Cicero, aliter Cato suadere debebit,” Quint. 3, 8, 49: Et aliter acutis morbis medendum, aliter vetustis; aliter increscentibus, aliter subsistentibus, aliter jam ad sanitatem inclinatis, Cels. prooem. p. 10.—（ε) With alius or its derivatives, one in one way, another in another (v. alius, II. B.): “quoniam aliter ab aliis digeruntur,” Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; id. Att. 7, 8; Liv. 2, 21; so id. 39, 53: “hoc ex locorum occasione aliter alibi decernitur,” Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; so id. 25, 4, 10, § 29.—（ζ) Non aliter, analog. to non alius (v. alius, II. H.) with a comp. (only in Plin.): “non aliter utilius id fieri putare quam, etc.,” Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 28: “idque non aliter clarius intellegi potest,” id. 37, 4, 15, § 59; so id. 22, 22, 36, § 78; 24, 11, 50, § 85; 28, 9, 41, § 148; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 267-276.
