I.“sodale,” Mart. 1, 86, 5; Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 6), comm. cf. Sanscr. svadhā, will, power; Gr. ἔθος, custom; v. Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 251.
I. In gen., a mate, fellow, intimate, comrade, crony, boon-companion, etc. (freq.and class.; a favorite word with Plautus; cf.: “socius, familiaris): tuos amicus et sodalis,” Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7: “hic sodalis tuos amicus optimus,” id. Cas. 3, 3, 18; so (with amicus) id. Bacch. 3, 3, 71: “sodalem me esse scis gnato tuo,” id. Most. 5, 2, 32: “sex sodales repperi, Vitam, amicitiam, etc.,” id. Merc. 5, 2, 4: “quid enim aut illo fidelius amico aut sodale jucundius?” Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 6: “si frater aut sodalis esset,” Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 74: sodalis et familiarissimus Dolabellae, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 7: “primum habui semper sodales. Sodalitates autem me quaestore constitutae sunt sacris Idaeis ... epulabar igitur cum sodalibus omnino modice, etc. (shortly after: coetu amicorum),” Cic. Sen. 13, 45: “popularis et sodalis,” id. Ac. 2, 37, 118: “meus sodalis,” id. de Or. 2, 49, 200: “adulescentes aliquot, aequales sodalesque: adulescentium Tarquiniorum,” Liv. 2, 3: “in urbem reversus sodalibus legi,” Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 7: “Pompei meorum prime sodalium,” Hor. C. 2, 7, 5: “gaudentem parvisque sodalibus et lare certo Et ludis,” id. Ep. 1, 7, 58: “sodalis istius (Verris) in hoc morbo et cupiditate,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 91: “veterem tutare sodalem,” Ov. P. 2, 4, 33: “O jucunde sodalis,” id. ib. 1, 8, 25: “dilectos inter sors prima sodalis,” id. Tr. 4, 5, 1.—
b. In the poets, adject.: “turba sodalis,” the band of friends, Ov. R. Am. 586.—Of things: “Hebrus,” Hor. C. 1, 25, 19: “cratera,” id. ib. 3, 18, 6.—
II. In partic.
A. A fellow or member of a corporation, society, fraternity, college, etc.: sodales sunt, qui ejusdem collegii sunt, quam Graeci ἑταιρίαν vocant, Dig. 47, 12, 4.—Of the members of a college of priests: “sodales in Lupercis,” Cic. Cael. 11, 26: “Sodales Titii,” Tac. A. 1, 54: “Augustales,” id. ib. 3, 64; Suet. Claud. 6; id. Galb. 8; Inscr. Orell. 2364 sq.; 1588; 1593; 1611 et saep.—
B. In a bad sense, a participator, accomplice in unlawful secret associations (esp. for buying votes, plotting against the State, etc.): “quos tu si sodales vocas, officiosam amicitiam nomine inquinas criminoso,” Cic. Planc. 19, 46: “tu in illis es decem sodalibus: Te in exsilium ire hinc oportet,” Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 12.—
2. A gallant, Mart. 9, 3, 8; Hier. adv. Juv. 1, 48.
