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54.1. eo, thither, to that place, i.e. Bibrax. — isdem ducibus usus, employing the same men [as] guides: for the ablative, cf. iure, 50 23. Observe that ducibus is pred. appos.; cf. legati, 53 12. 54.2.

Numidas et Cretas: both these （especially the Cretans） were famous bowmen. See Fig. 105. 54.3.

Baleares （adj.）: the inhabitants of the Balearic Islands, east of Spain, were famous slingers. See Fig. 30. These nations served as auxiliaries in the Roman armies. — subsidio oppidanis: dat. of service with dat. of person affected （§ 382. I and N. 1 (233. a); B. 191. 2. b; G. 356; H. 433 (390); H-B. 360. b）. 54.4.

et … et: see vocab. — studium … accessit, eagerness for a vigorous defense was inspired in the Remi. — propugnandi: obj. gen. of the gerund; cf. coniurandi, 49 5. 54.5.

hostibus, from the enemy （dat., § 376 (235); B. 188. 1; G. 352; H. 425. 4 (384. 4. N. 3); H-B. 366）. — potiundi oppidi: gerundive; § 503. N. 2 (296. R.); B. 339. 4; G. 427. N. 5; H. 623. 1 (544. 2. N. 5); H-B. 613. N. 54.6.

morati … depopulati … vicis incensis: observe the change of construction. The Latin can use a perf. part. with active meaning only （as here） of deponent verbs. The corresponding construction with other verbs is the abl. abs. with the perf. part. pass.; as here, vicis incensis, which is to be translated accordingly. See last note on 49 6. 54.7.

quo: to which （or the like）. 54.8.

omnibus copiis: cf. 50 16, and for the omission of cum, see § 413. a (248. a. N.); B. 222. 1; G. 392. R. 1; H. 474. 2 (419. iii. 1); H-B. 420. 54.9.

a milibus passuum minus duobus, less than two miles off: a is used adverbially （§ 433 (261. d); B. 144. 1; G. 335. N; H. 417. 3 (379. 2. N); cf. H-B. 303. c.）; milibus is abl. of degree of difference （§ 414 (250); B. 223; G. 403; H. 479 (423); H-B. 424）; minus does not affect the construction （§ 407. c (247. c); B. 217. 3; G. 296. R. 4; H. 471. 4 (417. 1. N. 2); H-B. 416. d）; amplius （l. 10） is acc. of extent of space （§ 425 (257); B. 181; G. 335; H. 417 (379); H-B. 387）; and milibus （l. 10）, abl. after the comparative （§ 406 (247); B. 217. 1; G. 398; H. 471 (417); H-B. 416）. We have here both the two constructions allowable with these neuter comparatives; see reference under minus.


Caesar's Gallic War. J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge and M. Grant Daniell. Boston. Ginn and Company. 1898.

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  • Commentary references from this page (17):
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 376
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 382
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 406
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 407
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 413
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 414
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 425
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 433
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 503
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 296
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 335
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 352
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 356
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 392
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 398
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 403
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 427
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