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46.11. See chapter on military affairs, VII, for description of a battle. — singulos legatos, etc., i.e.a legatus in command of each legion. This was the beginning of a very important reform in the military organization. Caesar felt so keenly the evil of the command being divided among six tribunes that he detailed one of his legati nominally to assist the tribunes. After this time, we find the legatus as the regular commander of a legion, with the six tribunes under him. On this occasion, having only five legati, he also appointed his quartermaster quaestor to that one of the six legions which was intended to be under his own special command. 46.13.

eam partem: that, of course, would be the enemy's left. 46.14.

ita acriterut, so fiercely that. 46.17.

coniciendi: observe the gerund with a dir. object (pila). Give the corresponding gerundive construction. 46.20.

in phalanga, upon the phalanx. This was a compact body of men with shields close locked in front and above, lapping over one another like shingles on a roof. See Fig. 68, the Roman testudo. 46.21.

revellerent, etc.: i.e. they leaped upon the roof of shields, pulled them up, and so thrust their swords down from above (desuper). 46.24.

P. Crassus: son of Marcus Crassus the triumvir. He next appears at the head of an important expedition against the Aquitanians, pp. 88-92. 46.25.

adulescens: like our junior, to distinguish him rom his father. — expeditior, more free. 46.26.

tertiam aciem: the line of reserves, kept for just such emergencies.


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