[791] Omnipotentis Olympi 10. 1 note.
[792] So Apollo, 9. 639, “Desuper Ausonias acies urbemque videbat Nube sedens:” comp. Ἥρη δ᾽ εἰσεῖδε χρυσόθρονος ὀφθαλμοῖσιν Στᾶσ᾽ ἐξ Οὐλύμποιο ἀπὸ ῥίου, Il. 14. 153. ‘Fulva nubes:’ Pindar's ξανθὰ νεφέλα Ol. 7. 49.
[793] Finis fem. (as always in Lucretius) 2. 554., 3. 145., 5. 327, 384. ‘Quid restat?’ ‘what more is there that you can do?’ “Quid iam misero mihi denique restat?” 2. 70.
[794] Indiges, the title of Aeneas after he had disappeared from the earth: see the Pompeian inscription in the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum 1, Elog. 20, “Aeneas [dictus] est indigens [et in deorum] numero relatus:” comp. Tibull. 2. 5. 44, “cum te veneranda Numici Unda deum caelo miserit Indigetem:” so Livy 1. 2. 6, “situs est (Aeneas) quemcunque eum dici ius fasque est super Numicium flumen: Iovem indigetem appellant.” See Schwegler, Römische Geschichte 1, p. 328. ‘Indiges’ is considered by Corssen (Kritische Nachträge zur Lateinischen Formenlehre, p. 254) to be the participle from an old verb “indigere” = to invoke, from which “indigitare” and “indigitamenta” are also formed. The root ‘ag-’ or ‘ig-’ appears also in “nego” (= “neigo”). The spelling “indigens” may be a mistake: see Corssen, Aussprache, Vokalismus &c. 1, p. 255 (2nd ed.). Preller (Römische Mythologie, p. 81) would derive it from “indo” (= “in”) and “genus.” The “Di Indigetes” were generally named in solemn invocations among the gods who protected the city: see G. 1. 498 (note), and Preller, p. 82, 83. Preller thinks that the name “Iupiter indiges” = “Divus Pater indiges,” was the original title of the god worshipped on the Numicius, and that the name of Aeneas was transferred to him later, when the Trojan story found a home in Italy. ‘Scire fateris’ constr. like “fateor petiisse” = “me petiisse” 3. 603.
[795] Deberi in connexion with Fate, as in 6. 713, “Animae, quibus altera fato Corpora debentur.” ‘Fatis caeloque’ Pal. “Unus erit quem tu tolles in caerula caeli Templa” Enn. A. 66.
[796] “Quid struis? aut qua spe Libycis teris otia terris?” 4. 271.
[797] ‘Was it fit that Aeneas, a god, should be wounded by a mortal?’ ‘Mortali volnere’ (like “mortalis mucro” v. 740 above), a wound dealt by a mortal. The thought is like that in Eur. Orest. 271, Βεβλήσεταί τις θεῶν βροτησίᾳ χερί; Comp. 10. 30, “Et tua progenies mortalia demoror arma.” The wounding may be either that attempted by Turnus (v. 740), or that actually effected by the arrow (v. 319). ‘Violare’ in a similar context 11. 277, “cum ferro caelestia corpora demens Adpetii, et Veneris violavi volnere dextram:” comp. ib. 591, 848. Heyne makes strange difficulties here, suggesting either that ‘mortali’ must = “mortifero,” or that ‘mortalem’ would be clearer.
[799] Vim, ‘violence,’ ‘power of offence:’ see on “vimque addere victis” 2. 452. One of Ribbeck's cursives has ‘victo.’ The pl. draws the attention away from the person, and fixes it on the circumstances: comp. Aesch. Prom. 67, “Σὺ δ᾽ αὖ κατοκνεῖς, τῶν Διός τ᾽ ἐχθρῶν ὕπερ Στένεις;” (Wagn.)
[801] Ni Pal. originally for ‘ne’ (see on 3. 686); and so Ribbeck, who very unnecessarily transposes this and the following line to make them follow v. 832. See Mr. Conington's Essay on his Prolegomena appended to this volume. ‘Ne’ Med., Pal. corrected, and Gud.: ‘nec’ two other of Ribbeck's cursives, and so Heyne, Wagn., and Forb. The transition with ‘ne’ is somewhat abrupt. Ribbeck for ‘edat’ restores ‘edit’ (subj. from ‘edim’), the original reading of Pal. and Gud., which is confirmed by Diomedes 358, the Scholiast on Horace Epod. 3. 3 (where see Orelli), and apparently Serv., who, taking ‘edit’ for the ind., says “edo, edis, edit integrum verbum est, sicut lego, legis, legit.” Med. has ‘edat,’ and so Heyne and Wagn. ‘Tacitam:’ see on 10. 63. With the language comp. 4. 66, “Est mollis flamma medullas Interea, et tacitum vivit sub pectore volnus.” Ὃν θυμὸν κατέδων, Il. 6. 202.
[802] The form of sentence ‘tuo dulci ex ore’ is archaic: see Munro on Lucr. 4. 394. Virg. has “tuo perfusi flumine sacro” G. 2. 147; “suo cum gurgite fiavo” A. 9. 816; “suo tristi cum corde” 8. 522. ‘Tristis,’ bitter, as opposed to ‘dulcis:’ comp. Lucr. 4.634, “Aliis quod triste et amarum est, Hoc tamen esse aliis possit perdulce videri,” and G. 1. 75., 2. 126. “Cura recursat” 1. 662. ‘Recursent,’ ‘come again and again:’ ‘re’ carrying out ‘saepe.’ ‘Recusent’ Med. a m. p.
[803] “Absumptae in Teucros vires caelique marisque,” says Juno, 7. 301. ‘Vel undis,’ or on the seas if you chose.
[804] “Clara accendisset saevi certamina belli” Lucr. 1.475 (Forb.).
[805] Deformare domum probably refers to Amata and her “nodus informis leti” v. 603 above. “Deformis aegrimonia” Hor. Epod. 13. 18. ‘Miscere’ as in 2. 487, “At domus interior gemitu miseroque tumultu Miscetur.”
[807] Submisso voltu, as after Jupiter's banter 10. 611.
[809] Terras invita reliqui: for the fact see 9. 802 foll. (Heyne.) ‘Relinquo’ Pal. corrected, as in v. 818 below.
[810] Nec tu &c., ‘and otherwise you would not see me.’
[811] Digna indigna, i. e. whatever might befall me. Taubm. comp. Plaut. Asin. 1. 3. 94, “Dignos indignos adire atque experiri stat mihi.” ‘Flammis cincta’ probably refers to the “nimbus” in which deities shrouded themselves: comp. “nimbo effulgens et Gorgone saeva” of Pallas 2. 616. Wagn., quoting Sil. 12. 727, “Mirantem superum voltus et flammea membra” (perhaps an imitation of this passage), takes the words here of torches in the hand of the goddess. At the fall of Troy Juno “furens a navibus agmen Ferro accincta vocat” 2. 613. ‘Subipsam aciem’ Med., and so Heins. and Heyne: ‘ipsa acie’ was rightly restored by Wagn.
[812] Inimica proelia, the battle that they hate.
[813, 814] For the constr. ‘suasi Iuturnam succurrere’ see on 10. 9. The rhetoric of ‘fratri’ and ‘pro vita’ (as if her designs were merely for the good of Turnus) is skilful.
[815] Contendere can be used both of bow and arrow: see on 5. 513. Here there is a sort of zeugma. Serv. mentions a different and false reading ‘ostenderet.’
[816] ‘Adiruo’ with acc., as in Catull. 64 (66). 40, 41. ‘Caput,’ suggesting the height from which the water fell: Στυγὸς ὕδατος αἰπὰ ῥέεθρα, Il. 8. 369. Καὶ τὸ κατειβόμενον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, ὅστε μέγιστος Ὅρκος δεινότατός τε πέλει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσι, ib. 15. 37.
[817] Superstitio for the object of dread, as ‘religio’ is used for the object of religious awe 3. 363, v. 182 above. It is difficult to see how ‘reddita’ here differs from “data.”
[818] Quidem Pal. for ‘equidem,’ and so Gud. corrected. ‘Exosa:’ so v. 151 she says of the expected combat between Turnus and Aeneas, “Non pugnam aspicere hanc oculis, non foedera possum.”
[819, 820] For ‘teneri lege’ see on 2. 159. ‘Obtestor’ takes a double acc., on the analogy of “rogo:” so Cic. pro Quint. 30, “Ut te atque eos qui in consilio sunt, obsecret obtesteturque nihil aliud, quam ut” &c. “‘Pro maiestate tuorum:’ respicit ad Saturnum, qui in Italia quandoque regnaverat. Inde ait ‘tuorum:’ nam et Latinus inde originem ducit: ut ‘Fauno Picus pater, isque parentem Te, Saturne, refert’ (7. 48, 49)” Serv.
[821] Esto, bitterly consenting to ‘felicibus.’
[822] Leges et foedera perhaps for “foederis leges” (11. 322): or the two may be separated: ‘agree on laws and treaties to bind them.’
[823] Juno implies that ‘Latini’ had long been the name of the people of the land. Dionysius (1. 60) follows another tradition, that the name ‘Latini’ was given subsequently to the amalgamation of the Trojans with the Aborigines. Livy's story (1. 2) is that Aeneas gave the name to the Trojans and Aborigines to unite them against Mezentius. Whether Virg.'s ‘indigenae Latini’ are to be supposed identical with the Aborigines is not clear.
[824] ‘Teucrosve’ Pal. and Gud. for ‘Teucrosque.’
[825] Vestes Pal., Gud., and another of Ribbeck's cursives, and so Heyne: but ‘vestem’ is obviously right. The maintenance of the Latin dress is emphasized: comp. 1. 281, 282, “mecumque fovebit (Iuno) Romanos, rerum dominos, gentemque togatam.”
[826] Latium, the Latin kingdom under Aeneas and Ascanius. The list of (fourteen) Alban kings seems to have been first made out in detail after the beginning of the Augustan age. Virg. gives (1. 263 foll.) three years to Aeneas, thirty to Ascanius, three hundred to the Alban kings: a number which roughly amounts to three Augustan ‘saecula’ of 110 years each, so that the word ‘saecula’ may be purposely chosen here (Mommsen, Römische Chronologie, p. 155 foll.). ‘Sint’ for ‘sit’ Med. and Pal. originally.
[827] “Si fataliter imminet, ut a Troianis origo Romana descendat, Troiani Italorum nomen accipiant; ut Romani de Italis, non de Troianis videantur esse progeniti” Serv.
[828] Occidat Pal. originally. ‘Sidas’ Med. a m. p. for ‘sinas,’ whence Heins. read ‘occiderit, si das.’ ‘Occiderit sinas,’ let it have fallen: let it lie. With the spirit of the line comp. Hor. 3 Od. 3. 30 foll.
[829] Repertor, generally used as = ‘inventor’ (see 7. 772), here of Jupiter as the creator of men and things.
[830, 831] ‘You are a real sister of Jove, and a second child of Saturn; that you prove by the violence of your anger.’ Heyne, misunderstanding the sense, read against almost all MSS. authority, “Et germana Iovis &c. Irarum tantos volvis sub pectore fluctus?” giving an exactly opposite meaning. ‘Irarum fluctus’ from Lucr. 3.298, “Nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,” where see Munro.
[832] “Quare age” for ‘verum age’ Probus, Inst. 1. 9. 7. ‘Frustra’ to be joined with ‘inceptum.’
[833] Victus, volens would probably have been accusative in prose. ‘Me remitto,’ ‘I give myself up;’ Cic. Att. 10. 16, “cui quidem ego non modo placabilem me praebuissem, sed totum remisissem.”
[835-837] ‘Commixto’ the MSS. known as the Medicean and Porcian of Pierius, with some inferior copies: ‘corpore tanto’ Menag. pr., Mentel. pr., Goth. tert., and so Heins.: ‘sanguine tanto’ Rom. Heyne interprets “tantum Teucri subsident, commixti corpore, (i. e.) cum populo Latinorum;” and the others seem to follow him in this explanation of ‘corpore,’ which is hardly natural, and cannot be supported by 11. 313, “toto certatum est corpore regni.” It is more natural to join ‘corpore’ with ‘tantum:’ ‘the Trojans, mingled with the Latins in body only, not in name, shall hold the lowest place.’ ‘Subsido’ of a lot lying lowest in a helmet 5. 498. ‘Morem ritusque’ &c., ‘I will add the Trojan rites to the Latin:’ comp. Aeneas' words, “sacra deosque dabo,” v. 192 above. ‘Morem sacrorum,’ the law or manner of rites: comp. “pacis morem” 6. 852. The rites meant are probably those of the Trojan Penates. See Preller, Römische Mythologie, pp. 536, 548. Wagn., who thinks the clause ‘morem—adiiciam’ parenthetical, proposes ‘adiicient,’ which is hardly necessary. ‘Uno ore’ poetical for ‘uno sermone’ = ὁμόγλωσσοι.
[838] Hinc, from this union. ‘Surgit’ Gud. originally.
[839] Supra ire deos, a rhetorical exaggeration, which Gossr. turns into logic thus: “Hi observantiores erunt deorum, quam ii Romanorum curam habent.”
[840] There may perhaps be an allusion here to the restoration by Augustus of the temple of Juno Regina (Livy 5. 21, 22) on the Aventine. (See Monumentum Ancyranum 4, c. 19, Mommsen.) Comp. Ov. F. 6. 51, where Juno says, “Sed neque paeniteat, nec gens mihi carior ulla est: Hic colar, hic teneam cum Iove templa meo.”
[841] Schrader conj. ‘voltum’ for ‘mentem.’ ‘Mentem retorsit,’ changed her mind, like μεταστρέφειν νόον Il. 15. 52 (Heyne). ‘Laeta’ Med. first reading, with one of Ribbeck's cursives.
[842] Interea vague, as at the beginning of Books 10 and 11. Wagn. suggests that ‘interea’ may mean ‘nevertheless’ (as we sometimes use ‘meanwhile’); but this is hardly necessary, as Juno leaves heaven and the cloud not to avoid seeing Turnus' death (as Heyne thought), but to show that she is reconciled to the course of things: Jupiter had asked her “qua spe gelidis in nubibus haeres?” ‘Caelum’ Pal. originally. ‘Reliquit’ for ‘relinquit’ Heyne, on hardly any MS. authority.
[843-886] ‘Jupiter sends a Fury to separate Juturna from her brother.’
