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τοῦτο μὲν ... τοῦτο δέ, ‘in the first place ... in the second place’; cp. Index for reff.
κακὸν ἐργασαμένην αὐτὴν μάλιστα εὐδοκιμῆσαι παρὰ Ξέρξῃ: there is a dash of malicious humour at the expense both of the queen and of the king. ἀπὸ τούτων is superfluons, and the plural vague; the preposition here is scarcely temporal, but rather causal.
λέγεται γάρ: Grote questions the sequel of Artemisia's exploit (ἔργον); Rawlinson fails to see why. There is reason enough in that Hdt. himself questions it, as he shows by the three apologetic references to the source (λέγεται bis, φασί ad fin.).
τινα: hardly ε Greek, presumably a Persian, who knew no better; but the τούς below (like όν demonstrative) might well refer to Greeks.
τὸ ἐπίσημον τῆς νεός: cp. τὸ σημήιον c. 92 infra. Polyainos, 8. 53. 1, says Artemisia varied her ‘ensigns,’ sometimes showing Greek and sometimes Persian colours. Rawlinson regards that as the refinement of a later age, such ensigns not existing in 480 B.C., the figure-head, which could not be changed at pleasure, being the only ensign; cp. 3. 59 (which cannot prove a negative!). But the admiral's ensign can hardly have been a figure-head. “Flags are represented at the sterns of the Athenian ships of about 500 B.C.,” Torr, Ancient Ships, p. 100. ἐπισταμένους, like μαθεῖν just above, of sensible perception, and so more than ἐπιστήμη, followed by ἠπιστέατο meaning ‘believed’—something less than ἐπιστήμη (a word not used by Hdt.). The psychological terminology of Hdt. is in a rudimentary stage; cp. his use of the words θυμός, νόος, φρήν, φρόνημα, ψυχή, διάνοια, μαθεῖν, ἐπίστασθαι, etc.
ὡς εἴρηται, just above, a reference back but of a few lines. συνήνεικε ἐς εὐτυχίην γενόμενα recurs through συνήνεικε γενέσθαι l. 1, to the συνήνεικε in c. 87 supra, which was used there with much the same meaning as the fuller expression here.
μηδένα ἀποσωθέντα κατήγορον γενέσθαι: the participle is here essentially a part of the predicate; the meaning clearly being, not that none of the survivors impeached her, but that there were no survivors, and so no impeachment
οἱ μὲν ἄνδρες κτλ.: the remark was borrowed from (or by) Artemisia, cp. c. 68 supra; it comes better from the lips of Xerxes.
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