[*] 11.12. si pacem, etc.: Direct — Si pacem p. R. cum Helvetiis faciet, in eam partem ibunt atque ibi erunt Helvetii, ubi eos tu, Caesar, constitueris atque esse volueris （or Caesar constituerit … votuerit ）; sin bello … perseverabit, reminiscere et veteris incommodi p. R. et pristinae virtutis Helvetiorum. Quod improviso unum pagum adortus es, cum ei qui flumen transierant suis auxilium ferre non possent, noli ob eam rem aut tuae magnopere virtuti tribuere, aut nos despicere; nos ita a patribus maioribusque nostris didicerunt ut magis virtute contenderemus （contendamus） quam dolo aut insidiis niteremur （nitamur）. Qua re noli committere ut is locus ubi constitimus ex calamitate … nomen capiat aut memoriam prodat. This discourse, as well as Caesar's answer, is confused by a partial identification of Caesar and the Roman people. Hence, many of the forms might be either third person as referring to the Roman people, or second or first as addressed to Caesar, or spoken by him. The indirect discourse is found in almost all languages, and each one has its own methods of change from the direct. In English it is regularly introduced by that. This word, however, is often omitted, in which case only the persons and the tenses are changed to fit the new relations. Dependent clauses keep their connectives, but change, like others, their persons and tenses. In long passages, if that is omitted, parenthetical phrases are frequently introduced to keep the connection of the thought, like 'he said,' 'he asked,' 'he urged,' 'he begged.' The passage here may be translated: 'If the Roman people would make peace, etc. （that） the Helvetii would go … and remain where Caesar should settle them and desire them to be; but if they （the Roman people） should persist in pursuing them, etc., let him remember （he said） （or he begged him to remember）, etc. As to the fact that （because） he had attacked, etc., he should not ascribe it, etc., or despise them （the Helvetians）. （That） they had （he said） been taught rather to contend, etc. Let him therefore not allow that place … to be,' etc. So in 12 8, num … posse, 'could they, he asked.'
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BOOK FIRST. — B.C. 58.
book 2
BOOK THIRD. — B.C. 56.
BOOK FOURTH. — B.C. 55.
BOOK FIFTH.—B.C. 54.
BOOK VI. BOOK SIXTH.—B.C. 53.
BOOK SEVENTH.—B.C. 52.
Caesar's Gallic War. J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge and M. Grant Daniell. Boston. Ginn and Company. 1898.
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