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4.5.

ex vinculis, out of chains, i.e. (standing) in chains; a Latin idiom; cf. ex equo, on horseback.causam dicere: a technical expression for being brought to trial. — damnatum (sc. eum, object of sequi), if condemned = si damnatus esset. The Latin may almost always omit a pronoun of reference, if there is a participle or adjective to show what its form would be if expressed. (In this sentence the subject of oportebat is the clause damnatumsequi; the subject of sequi is poenam; and utcremaretur is in apposition with poenam, defining the punishment;§ 562. 1, 571. c (329. 2, 332. f); B. 294, cf. 297. 3 G. 557; H. 571. 4 (501. iii); H-B. 502. 3. a. N). Translate, he was doomed, if condemned, to be burned by fire; lit. it must needs be that the penalty should overtake him condemned of being burned with fire. (For the abl. in i, see § 76. b. 1 (57. b. 1); B. 38; G. 57. 2; H. 102. 4 (62. iv); H-B. 88. 2. c. This form is often used by Caesar and earlier writers.)


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