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Erytheia, ‘the red island,’ probably with reference to the setting sun. Cadiz is really built on a rocky island connected by a long spit of land with the Isla de Leon; but it is most unlikely that H. knew anything definite of its site or neighbourhood. For the pillars of Hercules cf. ii. 33. 3 n.

Ὠκεανόν. For the circumambient ocean cf. ii. 21 n.; for H.'s insistence on geographical proof cf. iii. 115. 2 n.

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