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Κορῃσῷ. Coresus was a hill south of the river Cayster. The Ephesians seem to have lived on its slopes till moved down into the plain near the Artemisium by Croesus (Strabo 640), and to have returned there in the days of Alexander or of Lysimachus. West of the hill was the principal port of Ephesus down to Attalid times: at least Thrasyllus landed there in 408 B. C. (Xen. Hell. i. 2. 7). For a plan of recent excavations cf. Pauly Wissowa v. 2780.

ἡγεμόνας. The regular road (ch. 54) led up the Cayster and over Mount Tmolus by the pass of Kara Bel: but clearly the Ionians marched by mountain paths to surprise the enemy, otherwise guides would be unnecessary.

οὐδενὸς ἀντιωθέντος. Plutarch (de Malig. 24, Mor. 861) states that the Persians were besieging Miletus, and that the object of the attack on Sardis was to raise the siege. If the Persians were busy elsewhere, we can better understand Artaphernes being caught unprepared and retiring to the citadel. But the story is quite inconsistent with H.

ἀκροπόλιος. For the topography of Sardis cf. i. 80 n.

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