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τῷ λόγῳ, ‘making himself the champion of the cause of’; λόγος is partly the ‘account’ to be taken of his partisans, partly what could be urged in their favour. Stein thinks there is an implied opposition to ἔργῳ, ‘nominally’ he was for others, really for himself; but this is forced. Myres (A. and C. p. 165) says: ‘the phrase suggests that it was not a district, but a region that was in question—a region above the corn level.’ He adds that any one from the Acropolis in spring can ‘recognize the abrupt change from emerald green to purple and brown, which tells where πεδίον and cornland end, and the goats of the ὑπεράκρια begin’. The rise of these factions was the natural result of the Solonian changes, which had broken down the traditional rule of the Eupatridae. The local divisions, on which the factions were largely based, are reflected in the myth of the four sons of Pandion (Strabo, 392); but no doubt the main struggle was between the old landed aristocracy and the rising mercantile class. The παραλία is the southern half of Attica, the triangle terminating in Sunium, the πεδίον is the south-west of Attica, the basin of the Cephissus and the Thriasian plain. Cf. Thuc. ii. 55. 1 “οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι, ἐπειδὴ ἔτεμον τὸ πεδίον, παρῆλθον ἐς τὴν Πάραλον γῆν καλουμένην μέχρι Λαυρείου”, where the Athenians have their silver mines’. Ure (Origin of the Tyrannis, J. H. S. xxvi. 136) suggests that the Διάκριοι are not local, but are ‘the mining population of Attica’ supporting ‘the great mine-owner, Pisistratus’. But, not to speak of the evidence of Thucydides (u. s.), there is no reason to think that any large section of the Athenian population was employed in the mines at this time, even if free men ever worked there, which is very doubtful; Solon, fr. 13. 49-50, quoted by Ure, refers to manufactures not to mines. H. differs from A. P. 13. 4 in making the third faction later than the rest (it certainly would be organized later); he also gives its name differently, ὑπεράκριοι, not διάκριοι (cf. Plut. Sol. 29 for the latter form). For Megacles cf. the story of Agariste's wooing, vi 126 seq.; for the Alcmaeonid family cf. 60. 2 n.; his great-niece was the mother of Pericles, whose second son was called ‘Paralus’. Lycurgus was an Eteobutad; to this aristocratic faction belonged the Philaidae; cf. vi. 35 seq. for the story of their chief, Miltiades. The faction of Pisistratus was in east and north-east Attica; his own deme, Φιλαΐδαι (Plut. Sol. 10), lay near Brauron some twenty miles south of Marathon; cf. c. 62 for his strength in this region. Near Brauron was discovered the στήλη of an Aristion, who may well be (Bury, pp. 192-3) the man of that name who proposed (A. P. 14. 1) the tyrant's bodyguard.
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