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τί δὴ οὐ ... ἐμαχεσάμεθα; These questions with τί οὐ, expressing surprise that something is not already done, and implying an exhortation to do it (Goodwin, § 62), are common in Attic; this is the only instance in H. For ἤν and εἰ parallel cf. iii. 35. 2; viii. 21. 1.

βαρβάρων. H. has no more scruple than Aeschylus (Pers. 187, 337) in making a Persian herald speak of his nation as ‘barbarian’.

νικᾶν depends on λέγομεν understood from ἄρξομεν τοῦ λόγου (3 ad fin.).

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