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The opening words take us back to the excursus on Spartan history (i. 65 f.), though incidentally Cleomenes has been already mentioned (iii. 148).

Anaxandridas was contemporary with Croesus (circ. 550, i. 67. 1), and Cleomenes must have come to the throne soon after 520 (cf. Appendix XVII, § 1).

κατ᾽ ἀνδραγαθίην. In merit Dorieus excelled his brother, who owed the crown to priority of birth (cf. 42).

ἀδελφεῆς ... θυγατέρα: so Leonidas married his niece, Gorgo (vii. 239), and Archidamus his aunt, Lampito (vi. 71).

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