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Chalcedon lay on the Asiatic side of the Bosporus, at its southwest end.

The Cyanean Rocks were the gate of the Pontus (cf. their place in the ‘Peace of Callias’, vii. 151. n.). Their name, ‘the rocks of gloom,’ marks the early feeling of the Greeks towards the ‘inhospitable’ Pontus, while H.'s enthusiasm for the sea corresponds to the later name ‘Euxine’. They are called ‘wandering’ as early as Homer (Od. xii. 61). For their story cf. Pind. Pyth. 4. 371 and Apol. Rhod. ii. 318 (or Morris, Life and Death of Jason, Bk. VI); H. doubts its truth. There are twelve rocks, the largest of which is still called ‘Kyani’; they lie off the lighthouse on the extreme point of the European shore (Murray).

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