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[309] κάρηνα is preferable to the vulg. “καρήαθ᾽”, for “κάρηνα” (only the plur. occurs in H.) is always used in the metaphorical sense: (1) individuals, 9.407, 11.158, 500, 23.260, and “νεκύων ἀμενηνὰ κάρηνα” in Od.; (2) summits of mountains, towers of cities (2.117 = 9.24). On the other hand, “κάρη” and all its cases is used only in the literal sense, except in 20.5 “κρατὸς ἀπ᾽ Οὐλύμποιο”. The change from “κάρηνα” to “καρήαθ᾽” is very natural, on account both of the hiatus and of the Attic use of “κάρα”.

The Iliad, edited, with apparatus criticus, prolegomena, notes, and appendices. Walter Leaf. London. Macmillan. 1900.

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